An Intro to Differential Forms

Joseph Mellor
22 min readJan 25, 2023

Differential forms are powerful tools, but a lot of the geometric intuition is hidden behind the formalism. Let’s fix that.

This article is stop 15 on The Road to Quantum Mechanics.

With the exception of The Charged Particle Lagrangian, we’ve done little to no Vector Calculus. Sure we’ve talked about a few operators from Vector Calculus, but we’ve pulled formulas and identities out of thin air with no explanation. Over the next few articles, we’re going to fix that problem.

To do so, we’re going to introduce the concept of a differential form. Differential forms give us one unified approach to Vector Calculus and Integration in arbitrary coordinates. We’ll be able to derive several important theorems and rewrite Maxwell’s Equations in ways that are more practical in different situations. For this article, we’re going to talk about two of the core operators of Differential Forms: the wedge product ∧ and the Hodge star operator .

Check Your Understanding

This article can’t cover everything we would need to do all the cool stuff, so I only have a few questions for you.

Surface Area of a Sphere

Use a differential two-form to find the surface area of a sphere by finding the…

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Joseph Mellor

BS in Physics, Math, and CS with a minor in High-Performance Computing. You can find all my articles at https://josephmellor.xyz/articles/.